Wilson was injured in the No. 11 Tar Heels' 75-66 loss at Miami on Tuesday night.
He scored 12 points in that game, well below his season average of 19.8.
UNC said that X-rays taken during the game were negative. Wilson left briefly for the locker room midway through the second half and had his left hand wrapped when he returned with 8:47 remaining.
Additional imaging done in Chapel Hill revealed the fracture, the university said.
The freshman sensation also averaged 9.4 rebounds per game while making 57.8% of his shots. The Atlanta native has set UNC freshman records by scoring in double figures in all 24 games to begin his career and with 17 20-point games.
Wilson leads the nation in dunks with 66 and is in the top five in the ACC in scoring, rebounding, field goal shooting and double-doubles.
There is no specific timetable for his return at this point, UNC said.
ESPN and The Associated Press contributed.
Stay on top of breaking news stories with the ABC11 News App