School leaders say the buildings are unsafe for students and staff until repairs are completed.
Educators said schools are struggling with limited resources and staffing shortages that affect students' academic success.
North Carolina is the only state in the country that has not passed a state budget, which affects teacher raises and education funding.
More than 800 Cumberland County teachers and staff are expected to join a statewide walkout in Raleigh on Friday.
Organizers on Wednesday described the situation as a "crisis."
The NC Supreme Court tossed a 2022 ruling that let judges order hundreds of millions in school funding, ending a 32-year case.