The New York Post reported Madoff told fellow inmates he was dying of cancer.
But a spokeswoman from the Bureau of Prisons denied the claim.
Traci Billingsley said Madoff was not terminally ill and has not been diagnosed with cancer.
In March, Madoff pleaded guilty in federal court to charges that included securities fraud, money laundering and making false filings to the Security and Exchange Commission.
All told, Madoff's fraud cost investors as much as $65 billion. It's been called the largest investor fraud ever committed by one person.